Bulgaria Government net lending/borrowing in Bulgaria

International Monetary Fund · Annual · Importance

IMF forecast (WEO): 2026: -5.4% 2027: -4.2% 2028: -3.9% 2029: -3.8% 2030: -3.5% 2031: -3.1%
0.2 (1999) ANUAL · % of GDP · Annual · CSV
Period% of GDP
Jan 1999 0.2
Jan 1998 1.1

About this indicator

Source
International Monetary Fund
Frequency
Annual
Release
Published annually (with quarterly advance estimates in some economies), subject to revision with the national accounts.
What it is
Bulgaria's government deficit is the negative balance of the public accounts when spending exceeds revenue in a year; when revenue exceeds spending there is a surplus. It is usually expressed as a percentage of GDP.
How it's calculated
It is calculated as general government net lending or net borrowing under ESA 2010, the harmonised standard Eurostat applies across the EU. The balance is expressed relative to GDP to obtain the ratio.
Market implications
The deficit determines the state's financing needs and the path of public debt. As an EU member and euro candidate, Bulgaria must respect the 3%-of-GDP threshold, making it a key reference for markets.
Limitations
It is a low-frequency reading subject to revision, including Eurostat validation. It is worth distinguishing the headline balance from the primary balance (which excludes interest) and from the cyclical component.