Government gross debt in Israel

International Monetary Fund · Annual · Importance

IMF forecast (WEO): 2026: 69.8% 2027: 70.2% 2028: 71.0% 2029: 71.7% 2030: 72.4% 2031: 73.2%

73.2 (2031) ANUAL · % of GDP · Annual · CSV

Period	% of GDP
Jan 2031	73.2
Jan 2030	72.4
Jan 2029	71.7
Jan 2028	71.0
Jan 2027	70.2
Jan 2026	69.8
Jan 2025	68.5
Jan 2024	67.7
Jan 2023	61.3
Jan 2022	60.3
Jan 2021	67.7
Jan 2020	71.1
Jan 2019	59.3
Jan 2018	60.1
Jan 2017	59.8
Jan 2016	61.7
Jan 2015	62.8
Jan 2014	65.8
Jan 2013	66.0
Jan 2012	66.9
Jan 2011	67.2
Jan 2010	69.0
Jan 2009	72.6
Jan 2008	70.2
Jan 2007	70.8
Jan 2006	77.7
Jan 2005	85.2
Jan 2004	88.3
Jan 2003	89.7
Jan 2002	87.2
Jan 2001	81.1
Jan 2000	77.2

About this indicator

Source

International Monetary Fund

Frequency

Annual

Release

Published annually (with quarterly advance estimates in some economies), subject to revision with the national accounts.

What it is

Measures the total gross debt owed by Israel's general government to its domestic and external creditors. Published by the Ministry of Finance and the Bank of Israel, it is typically reported in absolute terms and as a share of GDP to gauge sustainability.

How it's calculated

Calculated by summing government liabilities (issued securities, loans and other obligations), distinguishing local-currency from foreign-currency debt. As Israel is outside the EU's EDP framework, figures follow national standards and IMF statistics, with the debt-to-GDP ratio as the headline reference.

Market implications

The level and path of debt shape the sovereign risk premium, the rating and fiscal room, particularly sensitive in a country with high defence spending. A deterioration tends to pressure Israeli bond yields and the shekel.

Limitations

It is a low-frequency, revisable series. The ratio depends on nominal GDP, so it can move with growth or the exchange rate without a change in debt; foreign-currency exposure also makes it sensitive to currency swings.