Italy Government gross debt in Italy

International Monetary Fund · Annual · Importance

IMF forecast (WEO): 2026: 137.9% 2027: 137.6% 2028: 137.0% 2029: 136.2% 2030: 135.8% 2031: 135.6%
113.1 (1999) ANUAL · % of GDP · Annual · CSV
Period% of GDP
Jan 1999 113.1
Jan 1998 113.9
Jan 1997 116.5
Jan 1996 118.9
Jan 1995 119.1
Jan 1994 130.8
Jan 1993 124.1
Jan 1992 113.0
Jan 1991 105.3
Jan 1990 101.7

About this indicator

Source
International Monetary Fund
Frequency
Annual
Release
Published annually (with quarterly advance estimates in some economies), subject to revision with the national accounts.
What it is
Italy's government debt is the total liabilities owed by the public sector to its creditors. It is expressed in absolute terms and, above all, as a share of GDP to assess sustainability. It is released by the Bank of Italy and ISTAT under the Maastricht definition.
How it's calculated
It is compiled under the harmonised Excessive Deficit Procedure (Maastricht) rules, summing government liabilities consolidated across subsectors. The debt-to-GDP ratio relates that stock to the size of the economy.
Market implications
Italy carries one of the highest debt ratios in the euro area, making it a standing focus for markets: it shapes issuance costs, the spread of the Italian bond (BTP) over the Bund and the decisions of rating agencies and EU fiscal policy.
Limitations
It is a low-frequency figure revised alongside the national accounts. The ratio to GDP depends on both the debt stock and nominal GDP, so inflation can lower it without any change in real borrowing.