Government gross debt in Kazakhstan

International Monetary Fund · Annual · Importance

IMF forecast (WEO): 2026: 24.9% 2027: 26.3% 2028: 28.0% 2029: 29.5% 2030: 30.8% 2031: 32.1%

32.1 (2031) ANUAL · % of GDP · Annual · CSV

Period	% of GDP
Jan 2031	32.1
Jan 2030	30.8
Jan 2029	29.5
Jan 2028	28.0
Jan 2027	26.3
Jan 2026	24.9
Jan 2025	24.6
Jan 2024	24.4
Jan 2023	23.0
Jan 2022	23.5
Jan 2021	25.1
Jan 2020	26.4
Jan 2019	19.9
Jan 2018	20.3
Jan 2017	19.9
Jan 2016	19.7
Jan 2015	21.9
Jan 2014	14.5
Jan 2013	12.6
Jan 2012	12.1
Jan 2011	10.2
Jan 2010	10.7
Jan 2009	10.2
Jan 2008	6.8
Jan 2007	4.1
Jan 2006	6.7
Jan 2005	8.1
Jan 2004	11.4
Jan 2003	15.0
Jan 2002	17.6

About this indicator

Source

International Monetary Fund

Frequency

Annual

Release

Published annually (with quarterly advance estimates in some economies), subject to revision with the national accounts.

What it is

Measures the total gross debt owed by Kazakhstan's government to its domestic and external creditors. Published by the Ministry of Finance and the national statistical authorities, it is reported in absolute terms and as a share of GDP.

How it's calculated

Calculated by summing government liabilities (issued securities and loans), splitting domestic and external debt. Outside the EU's EDP framework, it follows national and IMF standards; the debt-to-GDP ratio relates the stock to the size of the economy.

Market implications

In an oil-exporting economy, public debt is read alongside the sovereign wealth fund and hydrocarbon revenues. A low level provides fiscal room, but a rapid deterioration can affect the rating, the risk premium and the tenge.

Limitations

It is a low-frequency, revisable series with foreign-currency exposure that makes the ratio move with the exchange rate. The share of GDP also depends on nominal GDP, itself highly sensitive to oil prices, independently of the actual debt stock.