Vietnam Government gross debt in Vietnam

International Monetary Fund · Annual · Importance

IMF forecast (WEO): 2026: 29.8% 2027: 29.0% 2028: 28.3% 2029: 27.7% 2030: 27.2% 2031: 26.6%
26.6 (2031) ANUAL · % of GDP · Annual · CSV
Period% of GDP
Jan 2031 26.6
Jan 2030 27.2
Jan 2029 27.7
Jan 2028 28.3
Jan 2027 29.0
Jan 2026 29.8
Jan 2025 30.3
Jan 2024 31.2
Jan 2023 34.3
Jan 2022 34.9
Jan 2021 39.2
Jan 2020 41.3
Jan 2019 41.0
Jan 2018 43.8
Jan 2017 46.6
Jan 2016 47.9
Jan 2015 46.1
Jan 2014 43.6
Jan 2013 41.4
Jan 2012 38.3
Jan 2011 36.2
Jan 2010 37.3
Jan 2009 36.2
Jan 2008 31.0
Jan 2007 32.2
Jan 2006 30.2
Jan 2005 28.7
Jan 2004 29.4
Jan 2003 29.8
Jan 2002 27.7
Jan 2001 25.4
Jan 2000 24.8

About this indicator

Source
International Monetary Fund
Frequency
Annual
Release
Published annually (with quarterly advance estimates in some economies), subject to revision with the national accounts.
What it is
Government gross debt measures the total stock of liabilities (issued securities, loans and deposits) owed by Vietnam's general government to its creditors. It is managed and published by the Ministry of Finance.
How it's calculated
It is compiled by adding up general government liabilities consolidated across subsectors. Vietnam distinguishes public debt, government-guaranteed debt and total external debt; the figure is reported in absolute terms (dong) and as a share of GDP, with ceilings set by the National Assembly.
Market implications
The debt level shapes the fiscal room for public investment, the government's borrowing costs and the sovereign rating. Markets and rating agencies watch that the ratio stays within the legal ceilings, in the context of a fast-growing economy.
Limitations
It is a low-frequency figure subject to revision. The debt-to-GDP ratio depends on nominal GDP as well as the debt stock, and part of the external debt is in foreign currency, so moves in the dong can shift the headline without any new borrowing.